Dari Tuyul hingga Trojan: Evolusi Kesadaran Risiko Keuangan Individu dalam Perspektif Psikologi, Manajemen Keuangan, dan Teknologi Digital

Retno Kusumawati; Rahmawati; Etty Lestari; Julia Safitri

doi:10.53697/jim.v5i4.3673

Authors

Retno Ryani Kusumawati Universitas Terbuka
Rahmawati Universitas Sebelas Maret
Etty Puji Lestari Universitas Terbuka
Julia Safitri Universitas Terbuka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53697/jim.v5i4.3673

Keywords:

Risiko Keuangan, Generasi Risiko, Ketahanan Finansial, Bias Psikologis, Fintech, Algoritma

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis evolusi persepsi risiko keuangan individu dalam lima era utama, yaitu era mistik (tuyul), institusional (insider), sistemik, digital (fintech), dan algoritmik (trojan), serta mengusulkan konsep “generasi risiko” untuk menjelaskan kesenjangan antara usia biologis, akses teknologi, dan kesadaran risiko aktual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual interdisipliner berbasis kajian literatur, yang mengintegrasikan perspektif psikologi keuangan, manajemen risiko, dan teknologi digital. Analisis dilakukan dengan menelusuri bagaimana narasi sosial, sistem ekonomi, dan inovasi teknologi memengaruhi konstruksi psikologis dan kultural terhadap risiko finansial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi risiko mengalami transformasi signifikan dari dimensi mistik menuju algoritmik, seiring dengan meningkatnya peran teknologi dan otomatisasi dalam pengambilan keputusan finansial. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa ketimpangan literasi digital dan kesadaran risiko antar generasi menimbulkan potensi kerentanan baru dalam sistem keuangan modern. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan edukasi risiko yang tidak hanya berfokus pada aspek teknis, tetapi juga mengedepankan kesadaran reflektif dan etika digital untuk memperkuat ketahanan finansial individu. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi multidisipliner dalam memahami risiko keuangan kontemporer dan mendorong pengembangan model literasi keuangan yang adaptif terhadap perubahan teknologi serta bias perilaku manusia.

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