Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Psikologis dan Ketidakamana Kerja terhadap Perilaku Penarikan Psikologis dengan Keterlibatan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada PTNBH di Indonesia

Julfikar Setiadi; Widya Parimita; Indra Pahala

doi:10.53697/emak.v6i4.3092

Authors

Julfikar Setiadi
Widya Parimita
Indra Pahala

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53697/emak.v6i4.3092

Keywords:

Pemberdayaan Psikologis, Ketidakamanan Kerja, Keterlibatan Kerja, Perilaku Penarikan Psikologis, PTN-BH

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberdayaan psikologis dan ketidakamanan kerja terhadap perilaku penarikan psikologis dengan keterlibatan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi pada Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Berbadan Hukum (PTN-BH) di Indonesia. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasari oleh perubahan kelembagaan di Universitas Negeri Jakarta (UNJ) yang bertransformasi menjadi PTN-BH, yang berimplikasi terhadap kondisi psikologis dan rasa aman pegawai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Data dikumpulkan dari pegawai tidak tetap pada beberapa PTN-BH di Indonesia dan dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan psikologis berpengaruh negatif terhadap perilaku penarikan psikologis, sedangkan ketidakamanan kerja berpengaruh positif. Keterlibatan kerja berperan signifikan sebagai variabel mediasi antara kedua variabel independen terhadap perilaku penarikan psikologis. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dan praktis bagi pengelolaan sumber daya manusia, khususnya dalam meningkatkan pemberdayaan psikologis dan mengurangi ketidakamanan kerja untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan kerja dan menekan perilaku penarikan psikologis pegawai.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abou Hashish, E. A., Abdel All, N. H., & Mousa, A. A. (2018). Nurses’ perception of psychological empowerment and its relationship to work engagement and job insecurity. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 8(9), 36. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n9p36

Aggarwal, A., Chand, P. K., Jhamb, D., & Mittal, A. (2020a). Leader–Member Exchange, Work Engagement, and Psychological Withdrawal Behavior: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(March), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00423

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476

Baquero, A. (2022). Job Insecurity and Intention to Quit: The Role of Psychological Distress and Resistance to Change in the UAE Hotel Industry. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013629

Darussamin, Bambang Superno, & Fahmi Oemar. (2023). Pengaruh Pertukaran Pemimpin dan perilaku penarikan psikologis terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan pemberdayaan psikologis sebagai variabel mediasi . Komunitas Sains Manajemen , 2(2), 172–188.

Dekker, S. W. A., & Schaufeli, W. B. (1995). The Effects of Job Insecurity on Psychological Health and Withdrawal: A Longitudinal Study. In Australian Psychologist (Vol. 30, Issue 1, pp. 57–63). https://doi.org/10.1080/00050069508259607

Dowding, K. (2012). Psychological Empowerment. Encyclopedia of Power. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412994088.n296

Fook, C. Y., Brinten, L., Sidhu, G. K., & Fooi, F. S. (2011). Relationships between psychological empowerment with work motivation and withdrawal intention among secondary school principals in Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 2907–2911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.212

Gangga Anuraga, Indrasetianingsih, A., & Athoillah, M. (2021). Pelatihan Pengujian Hipotesis Statistika Dasar Dengan Software R. Jurnal Budimas, 03(02), 327–334.

Gong, Y., Wu, Y., Huang, P., Yan, X., & Luo, Z. (2020). Psychological Empowerment and Work Engagement as Mediating Roles Between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00232

Hernandes, R. (2024). Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Psikologis Dan Kepemimpinan Etis Terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan Di Universitas Lampung 2(7). Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 2(7).

Hutabarat, Z. (2025). Pengaruh Quality of Work Life , Psychological Empowerment Terhadap Work Engagement Yang Dimediasi Oleh Job Satisfaction ( Studi Empiris Pada Perawat Rumah Sakit XYZ ). 4(10), 3678–3690.

Isabel, A. (2014). Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 30(2), 75–81.

Jenkins, N. (2016, March 16). Thousands of Mentally Ill Indonesians Live in Chains: Report. Time.

Jufrizen, J., Harahap, D. S., & Khair, H. (2024). Leader-Member Exchange and Employee Performance: Mediating Roles of Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Economics, Business, & Accountancy Ventura, 26(3), 306–322. https://doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v26i3.3591

Kurniawan, K., Widodo, S., & Bachri, S. (2021). Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Psikologi dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Sikap Karier Pegawai Bank Mandiri Bengkulu. Student Journal of Business …, 1–19.

Lehman, W. E. K., & Simpson, D. D. (1992). Employee substance use and on-the-job behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77.

Llorente-Alonso, M., García-Ael, C., & Topa, G. (2024). A meta-analysis of psychological empowerment: Antecedents, organizational outcomes, and moderating variables. Current Psychology, 43(2), 1759–1784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04369-8

Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x

Malik, A., Shahwar, M., Amin, M., & Shahid, M. N. (2023). The Mediating Role of Work Engagement on The Relationship Between Job Security, Organizational Justice, Job Embeddedness and Turnover Intention of Pakistan’s Textile Industry. Current Trends in Law and Society, 3(1), 12–31. https://doi.org/10.52131/ctls.2023.0301.0012

Markus, V. J., & Jatmika, D. (2020). Hubungan job insecurity dan komitmen organisasi pada karyawan PT. KX. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 4(1), 83–95. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu66

Meilani, Y. F. C. P. (2022). Pengaruh job insecurity dan psychological strains terhadap job performance karyawan generasi milenial perusahaan xyz di masa pandemik covid-19. Proceeding National Conference Business …, 637–646.

Nawrin, R. (2016). Impact of Psychological Empowerment on Employees’ Work and Organization Engagement: A Study in the Manufacturing Sectors, Bangladesh. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(5), 389–395. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n5p389

Nel, T., Stander, M. W., & Latif, J. (2015). Investigating positive leadership, psychological empowerment, work engagement and satisfaction with life in a chemical industry. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 41(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v41i1.1243

Ngqeza, K., & Dhanpat, N. (2021). Investigating the effects of employee empowerment on turnover intention in a mining organisation. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1564

Nikmah, U., & Martdianty, F. (2021a). Job Insecurity, Work Engagement and Job Performance of Employees in Flexible Working Arrangement: Exploring the Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being. Proceedings of the Sixth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA 2020), 179(Piceeba 2020), 458–463. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210616.071

Nikmah, U., & Martdianty, F. (2021b). Job Insecurity, Work Engagement and Job Performance of Employees in Flexible Working Arrangement: Exploring the Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being.

Orly Shapira-Lishchinsky, S. T. (2014). Psychological Empowerment as a Mediator Between Teachers’ Perceptions of Authentic Leadership and Their Withdrawal and Citizenship Behaviors. SAGE Publications, 50(4), 675–712. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X13513898

Pratama, G. P., & Guspa, A. (2024). Pengaruh Job Insecurity terhadap Kesejahteraan Psikologis dengan Social Support sebagai Variabel Moderator pada Karyawan Outsourcing di PT Pegadaian Area Padang. Yasin, 4(3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.58578/yasin.v4i3.2889

Pri, R. (2017). GAMBARAN WORK ENGAGEMENT PADA KARYAWAN DI PT EG (MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY). Versi Cetak), 1(2), 295–303.

Putri, E., & Berliyanti, D. O. (2025a). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Withdrawal Behaviors pada Karyawan Perusahaan Jasa di Jakarta. 5(1), 316–331.

Rahmat, A., & Handayani, R. (2022). Pengaruh Leader-Member Exchange terhadap Perilaku Penarikan Psikologis dengan Pemberdayaan Psikologis sebagai Intervening. Agustus, 1(3), 200–214.

Rahmatika, A., & Firari, H. (2023). Peran Psychological Empowerment Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan universitas KH. A. Wahab hasbullah. Rizquna, 01, 17–26.

Razak, H. A., Zakaria, N., & Mat, N. (2017). The relationship between psychological empowerment and job involvement. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 1(1), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.1(1)06

Raziq, A., & Maulabakhsh, R. (2015). Impact of Working Environment on Job Satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23(October 2014), 717–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00524-9

Romanti. (2023, September 16). Mengenal Lebih Lanjut Status Perguruan Tinggi Negeri: PTN-BH, PTN-BLU, dan PTN-Satker. Inspektorat Jenderal, Kemendikbudristek RI. https://itjen.kemdikbud.go.id/web/mengenal-lebih-lanjut-status-perguruan-tinggi-negeri-ptn-bh-ptn-blu-dan-ptn-satker/

Sabirina, E., & Rozaq, K. (2023). Pengaruh Job Insecurity terhadap Employee Performance melalui Procedural Justice. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 11(2), 694–705.

Semenya, L. D., & Stellenbosch, O. F. (2021). THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT ON WITHDRAWAL BEHAVIOURS AS MEDIATED BY ORGANISATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AND WORK ENGAGEMENT IN A SOUTH AFRICAN MILITARY UNIVERSITY THESIS PRESENTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF COMMERCE (INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY) AT THE UNIVERSITY. https://scholar.sun.ac.za

Setiaji, B., Shofiyuddin, M., & Yunitarini, S. (2024). The Influence of Job Stress , Job Insecurity , and Work- Family Conflict on Turnover Intention at BTM Muhammadiyah Batang. 2(2), 50–57.

Shusha, A. A. (2013). The Role of Psychological Engagement in Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Withdrawal Behavior and Intentions: An Empirical Study on Small Industries in Egypt. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(16), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n16p22

Sih Widianti, N., Mustami’ah, D., & Giri Nuriman, A. (2019). WORK ENGAGEMENT PADA KARYAWAN PERUSAHAAN PELAYARAN “X” CABANG SURABAYA.

Stander, M. W., & Rothmann, S. (2010). Psychological empowerment, job insecurity and employee engagement. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v36i1.849

Studies, M. (2021). Peran_Pemberian_Psychological_Empowerment_Terhadap. 15(2), 162–172.

Subiantoro, S. A., & Lataruva, E. (2022a). Pengaruh Job Insecurity dan Job Stress Terhadap Work Engagement dengan Self-Efficacy sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi pada Karyawan Tetap PT. Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan dan Ratu Boko (Persero) Yogyakarta). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 11(3), 1–14.

Suhendar, A., Setiadi, R., Artati, A., & Rohman, A. (2023). The New Trend: Why Indonesian Digital Start-Up Employees are Opting for Quiet Quitting? WSEAS Transactions on Computer Research, 11(July), 166–180. https://doi.org/10.37394/232018.2023.11.15

Sukoco, I., Fu’adah, D. N., & Muttaqin, Z. (2021). WORK ENGAGEMENT KARYAWAN GENERASI MILENIAL PADA PT. X BANDUNG. AdBispreneur, 5(3), 263. https://doi.org/10.24198/adbispreneur.v5i3.29953

Tawil, M. R., Mattalatta, M., Baharuddin, B., & Umar, A. (2023). The Role of Work Engagement in Mediating Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment Relationship to Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(3), 746–762. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i3.306

Wahyuni, I., & Sulastri, S. (2020). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior dengan Work Engagement sebagai Variabel Pemediasi. Jurnal Kajian Manajemen Dan Wirausaha, 2(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkmw0284880

Yasami, M., Phetvaroon, K., Dewan, M., & Stosic, K. (2024a). Does employee resilience work? The effects of job insecurity on psychological withdrawal behavior and work engagement. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-06-2023-0423

Yesica, N., Salim, T., Elvinawanty, R., & Akmal, M. El. (2024). Hubungan antara Pemberdayaan Psikologis dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Karyawan PT . Menara Mas Mega Mandiri The relationship between Psychological Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in PT . Menara Mas Mega Mandiri. 6(4), 1572–1581. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v6i4.2153

Zheng, S., Ding, T., Chen, H., Wu, Y., & Cai, W. (2021). Precarious job makes me withdraw? The role of job insecurity and negative affect. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412999

Zhou, H., & Chen, J. (2021). How Does Psychological Empowerment Prevent Emotional Exhaustion? Psychological Safety and Organizational Embeddedness as Mediators. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.546687